How to Make a Wooden Ladder Bookshelf for Small Spaces
A ladder bookshelf is a stylish and practical piece of furniture that can add both functionality and character to any small space. Its unique design allows it to lean against a wall, saving valuable floor space, while still providing ample room for books, decor, or plants. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the step-by-step process of building a wooden ladder bookshelf tailored for small spaces.
Materials Needed
- Wood boards: Choose a sturdy hardwood like pine, oak, or plywood for the shelves and ladder frame. For small spaces, thinner wood (around 1×12 or 1×14) works well.
- Screws: Wood screws to secure the shelves to the ladder frame.
- Wood glue: For added stability between joints.
- Measuring tape: To ensure accurate cuts.
- Saw: A circular saw or handsaw for cutting wood to the required lengths.
- Drill: For pre-drilling holes and driving screws.
- Sandpaper or power sander: For smooth finishing.
- Wood stain or paint: To finish the wood and match your interior.
- Safety gear: Eye protection and hearing protection.
Step-by-Step Guide to Building the Ladder Bookshelf
Step 1: Design and Measurements
Before you begin, you need to decide on the dimensions of your ladder bookshelf. Here are a few key measurements to consider:
- Height: Since it’s for a small space, a height of around 5 to 6 feet should suffice.
- Width: The shelves should not extend too far out. A width of 18 to 24 inches is perfect for smaller spaces.
- Shelf spacing: Depending on what you plan to store (books, decor, etc.), space the shelves around 10 to 15 inches apart.
Sketch a simple design. A typical ladder bookshelf has an angled frame that leans against the wall, with five to six horizontal shelves.
Step 2: Cut the Wood
Once you have the design, begin by cutting your wood to the following lengths:
- Two vertical side pieces: These will make up the ladder frame. Cut each piece to your desired height (e.g., 5 feet).
- Shelf pieces: Measure and cut your shelves to your desired width (18 to 24 inches).
- Rungs (optional): If you want, you can add horizontal rungs between the two side pieces for added design.
Ensure all your cuts are straight and accurate, especially for the vertical pieces that will form the sides of the ladder. Use a saw guide if necessary.
Step 3: Sand the Wood
Before assembling the bookshelf, sand all of your wood pieces. Use a coarse grit (around 80) to remove rough edges, then move to a finer grit (220) for a smooth finish. This step will not only make your bookshelf look better but also help with the wood stain or paint application later.
Step 4: Assemble the Frame
To assemble the ladder frame:
- Place your two vertical side pieces parallel to each other on a flat surface.
- Mark the spots where the shelves will sit. For an angled look, you’ll want to tilt the side pieces so they form a gentle “ladder” angle. This is usually around 70–80 degrees, but you can adjust it depending on the space you’re working with.
- Drill holes into the side pieces at the marked locations where you want the shelves to sit. Be sure to drill pilot holes for the screws so the wood doesn’t split.
Once the holes are drilled, apply wood glue along the edges of the shelves and place them into position. Screw them in place from the side of the ladder frame.
Step 5: Attach the Shelves
Install the shelves by securing them to the vertical frame. Depending on your design, the shelves can be placed directly across the rungs, or you can add horizontal support pieces. Use screws and wood glue for extra stability.
If you’re using longer boards for the shelves, you may want to add a diagonal brace to the back of the bookshelf for additional support, especially if the shelves will be holding heavy items.
Step 6: Attach the Ladder to the Wall
The ladder bookshelf leans against the wall, but it’s essential to secure it to avoid tipping over. Drill two small holes in the top of the ladder frame and attach a wall bracket or L-bracket to the top shelf. This will secure the ladder firmly against the wall.
Make sure you’re attaching the brackets to a stud in the wall, as this will provide the most stable hold.
Step 7: Finish the Shelf
Once your ladder bookshelf is assembled, it’s time to finish it. You can stain or paint the wood to match your room decor. Light or medium stains work well in small spaces, as they reflect light and make the room feel airier. Alternatively, white or light gray paint can help brighten up the space.
Allow the finish to dry completely before placing anything on the shelves.
Step 8: Styling Your Ladder Bookshelf
Now comes the fun part—styling your ladder bookshelf! Since it’s for a small space, avoid overcrowding the shelves. Here are a few ideas:
- Books: Stack books vertically or horizontally.
- Decorative objects: Use small plants, candles, or photo frames.
- Baskets: Add small woven baskets for storage or organization.
- Art: Place framed art or wall hangings above the bookshelf for a balanced look.
Tips for Making Your Ladder Bookshelf Work in Small Spaces
- Use light-colored wood or paint: This will keep the space feeling open and airy.
- Opt for narrow shelves: Avoid deep shelves that stick out too far, as this can make the space feel cramped.
- Go vertical: Utilize vertical space by making your bookshelf taller rather than wider.
- Multi-functional: If you can, choose a design that combines a bookshelf with other storage features like a coat rack or decorative hooks.
Conclusion
Building a wooden ladder bookshelf is a simple and rewarding woodworking project that can help you make the most of a small space. With just a few materials, tools, and a little creativity, you can create a functional and stylish piece of furniture that enhances your home’s decor.
If you’re looking for more woodworking inspiration and detailed plans for similar projects, check out Ted’s Woodworking Course for a wealth of resources. Explore hundreds of step-by-step plans and tips designed for all skill levels.