How to Grow and Care for Chamomile

Chamomile is a versatile, fragrant herb known for its delicate daisy-like flowers and soothing properties. It is widely used in herbal teas, skincare, and traditional medicine. Growing chamomile in your garden or containers is relatively easy, making it an excellent choice for beginners and experienced gardeners alike. Whether you choose German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) or Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile), both varieties thrive in similar conditions. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to grow and care for chamomile successfully.

Choosing the Right Chamomile Variety

There are two primary types of chamomile:

1. German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) – An annual plant that reseeds itself easily and grows up to 24 inches tall. It is commonly used for teas and herbal remedies.

2. Roman Chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile) – A perennial variety that grows low to the ground, forming a dense carpet of greenery, often used as a ground cover.

Both varieties have medicinal properties and can be grown in home gardens.

Ideal Growing Conditions

1. Soil Requirements

Chamomile thrives in well-drained, sandy, or loamy soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.6–7.5). It does not require nutrient-rich soil, making it ideal for low-maintenance gardens.

2. Sunlight Needs

Chamomile prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. If you live in a hot climate, providing some afternoon shade will help prevent scorching.

3. Temperature and Climate

Chamomile grows best in moderate temperatures, between 60–68°F (15–20°C). It can tolerate light frosts but may struggle in extreme heat.

How to Grow Chamomile

1. Growing from Seeds

• Start chamomile seeds indoors 4–6 weeks before the last frost or sow them directly in the garden after the frost has passed.

• Scatter seeds on the soil surface and lightly press them in without covering them completely. Chamomile seeds require light to germinate.

• Keep the soil moist but not soggy. Seeds typically germinate within 7–14 days.

2. Transplanting Seedlings

• Once seedlings are 2–3 inches tall, transplant them outdoors after the danger of frost has passed.

• Space plants 6–12 inches apart to allow air circulation and prevent disease.

3. Growing from Cuttings or Division (For Roman Chamomile)

• Roman chamomile can be propagated by dividing established plants in early spring or fall.

• Replant divisions immediately and water them well.

Caring for Chamomile

1. Watering

• Chamomile is drought-tolerant but prefers light, consistent watering.

• Water only when the soil feels dry to the touch. Overwatering can cause root rot.

2. Fertilization

• Chamomile doesn’t require heavy feeding.

• A light application of compost or a balanced organic fertilizer once in the growing season is sufficient.

3. Pruning and Maintenance

• Regularly deadhead spent flowers to encourage more blooms.

• Trim back leggy growth to keep the plant compact and healthy.

4. Pest and Disease Management

Chamomile is relatively pest-resistant but may occasionally attract aphids, thrips, or spider mites. To prevent and manage pests:

• Spray plants with a gentle stream of water or use insecticidal soap.

• Encourage natural predators like ladybugs.

Fungal issues like powdery mildew or root rot can occur if the plant is overwatered or lacks air circulation. Space plants properly and avoid overhead watering to prevent disease.

Harvesting Chamomile

• When to Harvest: The best time to harvest chamomile flowers is when they are fully open, usually in the morning after the dew has dried.

• How to Harvest: Gently pluck or snip the flowers from the stem. You can use a mesh drying rack or paper towel to air-dry them in a warm, dark place.

Uses of Chamomile

1. Herbal Tea: Dried chamomile flowers are commonly brewed into tea for relaxation and digestive relief.

2. Skincare: Chamomile-infused oils and creams help soothe irritated skin.

3. Aromatherapy: The essential oil has calming properties, ideal for stress relief.

4. Companion Planting: Chamomile attracts pollinators and can improve the health of nearby plants.

Conclusion

Growing chamomile is easy and rewarding, whether you’re planting it for its aesthetic appeal, medicinal benefits, or aromatic properties. With minimal care, this charming herb will flourish in your garden, providing you with fragrant blooms and a continuous supply of herbal goodness.