How to floss properly

Flossing is a crucial part of maintaining oral hygiene, yet many people either skip it or do it incorrectly. When done right, flossing removes plaque and food particles from between the teeth and under the gumline—areas a toothbrush can’t reach. Learning how to floss properly can significantly reduce the risk of cavities and gum disease.

Why Flossing Matters

Dental floss reaches between teeth and under the gumline, where plaque accumulates. If plaque is not removed, it can harden into tartar, leading to gingivitis and more severe forms of gum disease like periodontitis. Proper flossing helps prevent these issues by ensuring your mouth is thoroughly cleaned.

Types of Dental Floss

Before understanding the technique, it’s important to know the types of floss available:

• Nylon (multifilament) floss: Comes waxed and unwaxed, available in different flavors. Waxed floss slides more easily between tight teeth.

• PTFE (monofilament) floss: More durable and shred-resistant, ideal for tight spaces.

• Dental tape: Broader and flatter than regular floss, ideal for people with wider gaps.

• Super floss: Designed for braces, bridges, and wide gaps.

Step-by-Step Guide to Proper Flossing

1. Cut the Right Length

   • Use about 18 to 24 inches of dental floss.

   • Wind most of it around the middle finger of one hand, and the rest around the opposite middle finger.

   • Leave about 1–2 inches of floss to work with.

2. Hold the Floss Properly

   • Pinch the floss tightly between your thumbs and index fingers.

   • Glide it gently between your teeth using a gentle rubbing motion.

3. Avoid Snapping

   • Never snap or force the floss into your gums. It should glide smoothly to avoid damaging your gum tissue.

4. Form a “C” Shape

   • Curve the floss around the base of each tooth, forming a “C” shape.

   • Ensure it goes beneath the gumline, but do so gently to avoid injury.

5. Rub Each Side

   • Use up and down motions to clean both sides of the tooth.

   • Use a clean section of floss for each tooth to avoid redistributing plaque.

6. Repeat for Each Tooth

   • Continue this process for all your teeth, including the back side of your last molars.

7. Dispose of Used Floss

   • Never reuse dental floss. Once done, discard it and wash your hands.

Common Flossing Mistakes to Avoid

• Flossing too aggressively: Can damage gums and cause bleeding.

• Using the same section of floss: Spreads bacteria instead of removing it.

• Skipping the back teeth: These are harder to reach but just as vulnerable.

• Not going below the gumline: Bacteria love the area just beneath the gumline; neglecting it defeats the purpose of flossing.

How Often to Floss

The American Dental Association recommends flossing once a day. This is sufficient to disrupt and remove the majority of plaque buildup between your teeth. Choose a time when you’re not rushed—many prefer flossing at night to remove the day’s accumulation.

Alternatives to Traditional Floss

Some people find traditional floss challenging to use. In such cases, alternatives include:

• Floss picks: Convenient, especially for kids and people with limited dexterity.

• Water flossers: Devices that use a stream of pulsating water to clean between teeth and under the gumline.

• Interdental brushes: Small brushes that fit between teeth; excellent for larger gaps or people with braces.

Tips for Children and Beginners

• Start flossing children’s teeth as soon as they have two teeth that touch.

• For young children, parents should floss their teeth until they can do it effectively on their own (usually by age 10).

• Teach them gently and use flossers if they struggle with regular floss.

Signs You’re Flossing Correctly

• Your gums may bleed lightly when you start flossing, especially if you haven’t done it in a while, but this should stop after a few days.

• There should be no pain or aggressive tugging.

• Your mouth should feel cleaner, and you should notice less plaque buildup and fresher breath.

Benefits Beyond Oral Health

Proper flossing does more than protect your teeth and gums. Research has linked oral health to overall health. Poor oral hygiene is associated with increased risk of heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory problems. Flossing reduces inflammation and bacteria that can travel through your bloodstream, affecting your general well-being.

Integrating Flossing Into Your Routine

• Make it a habit: Attach flossing to another daily habit like brushing your teeth or washing your face.

• Keep floss visible: Store it in an accessible, visible place to serve as a reminder.

• Set reminders: Use phone alerts or apps if you tend to forget.

• Reward consistency: Motivate yourself with small rewards for consistent flossing.

Conclusion

Flossing properly is a simple yet highly effective way to maintain oral and overall health. With the correct technique, the right tools, and consistent practice, flossing can become a seamless part of your daily routine. Whether you use traditional floss, a water flosser, or interdental brushes, the key is consistency and care. Don’t underestimate this small step—it plays a significant role in your long-term dental health.