How to care for a dental splint

Dental splints are crucial therapeutic devices used to manage conditions like bruxism, temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD), and certain types of dental trauma. Proper care of a dental splint ensures its longevity, maintains oral hygiene, and supports the treatment’s effectiveness. Neglecting splint care can lead to bacterial buildup, deformation of the device, and compromised treatment outcomes. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to care for a dental splint effectively.

1. Daily Cleaning Routine

The most important aspect of caring for a dental splint is consistent cleaning. Clean your splint at least once a day, preferably after each use.

• Rinse with cold or lukewarm water: Always rinse the splint immediately after removing it to wash away saliva and debris. Avoid hot water as it can warp the thermoplastic material.

• Use a soft-bristle toothbrush: Gently scrub the splint using a soft-bristle toothbrush. Avoid toothpaste with abrasives as it can scratch the surface, creating areas where bacteria can accumulate.

• Mild soap or non-abrasive cleanser: Instead of toothpaste, use a mild dish soap or a specialized splint cleaner. Antibacterial soap is ideal, but it should be fragrance-free and gentle.

• Avoid soaking in mouthwash: Alcohol-based mouthwashes can dry out and damage the material of the splint over time. If soaking is necessary, use a non-alcoholic rinse or a diluted vinegar solution.

2. Deep Cleaning Weekly

Once a week, conduct a more thorough cleaning to ensure deep sanitization.

• Use a denture or retainer cleaning tablet: Dissolve the tablet in lukewarm water and soak the splint according to the package instructions. This helps eliminate biofilm, bacteria, and any odor.

• Vinegar and water solution: Mix equal parts of white vinegar and lukewarm water. Soak the splint for about 15–30 minutes, then rinse thoroughly. Vinegar is effective against mineral deposits and microbial growth.

• Hydrogen peroxide and water: A 1:1 solution of hydrogen peroxide and water can also be used to disinfect the splint. Do not use this method daily as it may weaken the splint over time.

3. Proper Storage

When not in use, your dental splint should be stored properly to prevent deformation and contamination.

• Use a ventilated case: Always store the splint in its designated case when not in use. The case should have air holes to allow moisture to escape, reducing bacterial growth.

• Clean the case regularly: The storage case should be washed with soap and water every few days and allowed to air dry. Using a dirty case can reintroduce bacteria to a cleaned splint.

• Avoid direct sunlight and heat: Keep the splint away from windows, heaters, or any heat sources. High temperatures can alter its shape, making it ineffective or uncomfortable.

4. Avoid Harmful Habits

Certain habits can damage the splint and reduce its lifespan.

• Do not chew on the splint: It’s not designed to withstand chewing forces. Biting or clenching too hard can crack or deform the material.

• Avoid exposure to chemicals: Never use bleach, alcohol, or strong disinfectants unless directed by your dentist. These substances can weaken or discolor the splint.

• Keep away from pets: Dogs, in particular, are known to chew on dental appliances. Always store your splint in a secure, pet-proof place.

5. Monitor for Wear and Damage

Dental splints are subject to wear over time, especially if used nightly or during stressful periods that increase bruxism.

• Check for cracks or deformation: Regularly inspect the splint for any signs of damage. Even small cracks can harbor bacteria and compromise its effectiveness.

• Look out for changes in fit: If the splint begins to feel loose, tight, or uncomfortable, it may have warped or your dental structure may have changed. In such cases, consult your dentist promptly.

• Discoloration or odor: Persistent discoloration or foul smells, even after cleaning, could indicate bacterial buildup or mold. This may warrant a replacement or professional cleaning.

6. Maintain Good Oral Hygiene

A dental splint works best when your mouth is clean. Poor oral hygiene can lead to plaque and bacteria transferring to the splint.

• Brush and floss before use: Always brush and floss your teeth before wearing the splint, especially if it’s worn overnight.

• Avoid eating or drinking (except water) with the splint: Consuming food or sugary drinks with the splint in place increases the risk of decay and can stain the appliance.

7. Professional Cleaning and Evaluation

In some cases, home cleaning may not be enough to maintain the splint, especially with long-term use.

• Bring your splint to dental check-ups: Your dentist can inspect the splint, professionally clean it, and assess whether it’s still functioning properly.

• Schedule adjustments if necessary: Over time, changes in your bite or teeth alignment may necessitate adjustments or a new splint. Early detection ensures continued effectiveness of the treatment.

8. Replacing the Splint

Dental splints aren’t designed to last forever. Depending on the material, usage frequency, and care quality, replacements are typically needed every 1 to 3 years.

• Night guards and soft splints tend to wear out faster due to their flexible materials.

• Hard acrylic splints may last longer but can become brittle over time.

If you notice discomfort, increased jaw pain, or reduced effectiveness in managing symptoms, it may be time for a new splint.

9. Traveling With a Splint

When traveling, be extra cautious to ensure the splint stays clean and protected.

• Carry a travel case: A sturdy, ventilated case protects the splint from physical damage and contamination.

• Pack cleaning essentials: Include a soft toothbrush, gentle soap, and possibly a few cleaning tablets for maintenance during your trip.

• Keep it in carry-on luggage: Always keep the splint with you in your carry-on to avoid loss or damage if luggage is misplaced.

Conclusion

A dental splint plays an essential role in protecting oral health and managing various dental conditions. Caring for it properly involves consistent cleaning, safe storage, and regular dental evaluations. By incorporating these care practices into your daily routine, you not only extend the life of the splint but also ensure its effectiveness in preserving your dental health.