Removing eye discharge in small breeds

Eye discharge is a common issue in small dog breeds, particularly those with short noses and prominent eyes like Pugs, Shih Tzus, and French Bulldogs. While some discharge is normal, excessive or discolored buildup may indicate underlying problems. Proper management is key to preventing infections, maintaining comfort, and ensuring your dog’s eyes remain healthy.

Understanding Eye Discharge in Small Breeds

Common Causes:

1. Breed Anatomy
   Small breeds, especially brachycephalic ones, often have shallow eye sockets and bulging eyes, which makes them more prone to irritation and tear overflow.

2. Tear Staining
   Many small dogs produce excessive tears that can stain the fur around their eyes. This is especially noticeable in white or light-colored dogs like Maltese or Bichon Frise.

3. Blocked Tear Ducts
   Tear ducts may become clogged, causing tears to overflow onto the face. This is common in breeds with flattened faces.

4. Allergies
   Environmental allergens like pollen, dust, or mold can trigger watery eyes and excessive discharge.

5. Infections or Eye Conditions
   Bacterial or viral infections, conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, and glaucoma can all cause abnormal discharge. These require prompt veterinary attention.

6. Foreign Objects
   Dust, debris, or small particles can become lodged in the eye, leading to irritation and watery discharge.

Types of Eye Discharge

• Clear Discharge: Typically caused by allergies or irritation.

• Mucus-Like Discharge: Could be a sign of dry eye or conjunctivitis.

• Yellow or Green Discharge: Often indicates infection and requires veterinary treatment.

• Brown/Red Tear Stains: Common in light-colored small breeds due to porphyrin, a pigment in tears.

Daily Eye Care Routine

Maintaining a regular eye care regimen is essential to managing and preventing excessive discharge:

1. Cleaning the Eyes

• Use a clean, soft cloth or cotton pad soaked in warm water or saline solution.

• Gently wipe away any crust or discharge from the inner corner of the eye outward.

• Avoid harsh chemicals or human eye drops.

2. Use of Eye Wipes

• Purchase vet-approved, hypoallergenic eye wipes designed for dogs.

• These wipes can help remove stains, bacteria, and allergens that contribute to discharge.

3. Keep the Face Dry

• Use a soft cloth to regularly dry the area around the eyes, especially after cleaning or meals.

• Moist environments encourage bacterial and fungal growth.

4. Trim Facial Hair

• Long facial hair can irritate the eyes and trap discharge.

• Carefully trim the hair around your dog’s eyes or have a groomer do it.

5. Monitor for Changes

• Sudden increase in discharge, redness, squinting, or pawing at the eyes could signal a problem.

• Promptly consult a vet if you notice any changes.

Natural Remedies and Supplements

1. Chamomile Tea Rinse

• Brew a weak chamomile tea, let it cool, and use it as a rinse to soothe irritated eyes.

• Use a clean cloth or dropper to apply gently.

2. Apple Cider Vinegar

• When diluted and given orally (never applied to the eye), apple cider vinegar may help balance pH levels and reduce tear staining.

• Add a few drops to your dog’s food or water (consult your vet first).

3. Filtered Water

• Use filtered or distilled water to reduce exposure to minerals that may contribute to tear staining.

4. Diet Adjustments

• Eliminate food allergens and offer high-quality, grain-free diets.

• Omega-3 supplements support eye and skin health.

Veterinary Treatment Options

When home care isn’t enough, or if symptoms persist or worsen, a visit to the veterinarian is necessary. Some possible treatments include:

1. Antibiotic Eye Drops/Ointments

• Used for bacterial infections or conjunctivitis.

2. Flushing Tear Ducts

• A vet can flush blocked tear ducts under anesthesia.

3. Medicated Wipes or Solutions

• Designed to control infection, reduce inflammation, or manage chronic conditions.

4. Surgery

• In rare cases, surgical intervention may be needed to correct anatomical abnormalities.

Preventing Eye Discharge in Small Breeds

1. Regular Grooming

• Schedule regular grooming to manage facial hair and clean around the eyes.

2. Environmental Control

• Minimize exposure to allergens by keeping the home dust-free and using air purifiers.

3. Avoid Irritants

• Refrain from using sprays or strong fragrances near your dog’s face.

4. Eye Exams

• Routine vet checkups can catch eye conditions early.

5. Proper Nutrition

• Ensure your dog is eating a balanced, high-quality diet tailored to their needs.

Breed-Specific Notes

• Shih Tzus & Lhasa Apsos: Prone to tear staining and eye ulcers. Daily wiping is crucial.

• Poodles & Maltese: High risk for tear staining. Regular face cleaning and dietary control help.

• Pekingese & Bulldogs: Exposed eyes are susceptible to injury and irritation.

• Yorkshire Terriers: Long hair must be tied back or trimmed to avoid contact with eyes.

Conclusion

Eye discharge in small breeds is often manageable with consistent care and early intervention. By maintaining cleanliness, monitoring for signs of discomfort, and working closely with your vet, you can ensure your small dog’s eyes remain bright, healthy, and free from discomfort. Regular hygiene, proper diet, and attentive grooming go a long way in preventing issues that cause discharge and staining, helping your pup look and feel their best.