Japan’s “Super Sentai” series, a cornerstone of Japanese pop culture, has not only influenced an entire genre of entertainment but has also served as the foundational series for the American “Power Rangers.” Super Sentai, which began in 1975, introduced the world to a formula of superheroes in colorful costumes fighting evil forces that would go on to inspire numerous international adaptations and generations of fans. This article explores the history of Super Sentai, its impact on the Power Rangers franchise, and how both have shaped superhero entertainment globally.
The Birth of Super Sentai
Super Sentai, created by Toei Company, was inspired by the global success of superhero team-up series and the growing demand for action-packed children’s television. The first series, Himitsu Sentai Goranger (1975), was born out of the success of Kamen Rider, another Toei superhero series. Goranger was an instant hit, combining action with the team dynamic, where five heroes dressed in distinct color-coded suits fought against the evil Black Cross Army. The show’s formula became a cornerstone for future installments, blending action, teamwork, and moral lessons.
The series introduced several tropes that would become synonymous with the franchise: a team of superheroes (usually five), each with a distinct color and weapon, fighting an evil organization with the use of mecha robots and martial arts. The combination of exciting action sequences, vibrant costumes, and moral undertones made the show appealing to children and became a staple in Japanese television.
Growth and Popularity in Japan
As Super Sentai evolved, its popularity in Japan grew exponentially. The franchise continued with new iterations every year, each featuring a different team of heroes and a new storyline. Key series such as Denshi Sentai Denjiman (1980) and Kyuukyuu Sentai GoGoFive (1999) introduced new elements and characters, yet retained the essential formula that made Goranger so successful.
One major development in the series was the incorporation of advanced special effects and the introduction of giant robots, or “mecha,” which would later become an iconic part of the Super Sentai franchise. The robots, often called “Zords” in the American adaptation, were piloted by the heroes and could combine into larger, more powerful forms to fight colossal enemies. This visual spectacle made the show even more captivating for young audiences.
The Sentai series also developed a tradition of including elaborate villains and evil organizations. These antagonists would often have their own unique armies and superweapons, providing the heroes with constant challenges. Over time, Super Sentai became more than just a children’s show; it evolved into a cultural phenomenon in Japan, spawning movies, merchandise, and even theme park attractions.
The Power Rangers Phenomenon
The impact of Super Sentai was not limited to Japan. In the early 1990s, an American television producer named Haim Saban recognized the potential of the Super Sentai series and saw an opportunity to bring the show to the United States. The result was Mighty Morphin Power Rangers, which debuted in 1993.
Saban’s vision was to take the action-packed fight sequences and giant robot battles from Super Sentai and combine them with original American footage of teenagers acting as superheroes. The result was a unique hybrid series where much of the footage was directly lifted from the Japanese Super Sentai series, while new American actors played the roles of the teenagers. The series retained much of the aesthetic and premise of the Japanese original: a team of colorful heroes fighting an evil organization with the help of giant robots.
The original American series, Mighty Morphin Power Rangers, was based on the Japanese series Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger (1992), the 16th entry in the Super Sentai franchise. The adaptation followed the formula of the Japanese series but added a localized twist for American audiences, including changes to character names and dialogue, as well as additional plotlines to expand the show’s appeal. For example, the original characters’ personalities were emphasized more, giving each of the heroes distinct traits that would resonate with American youth.
Power Rangers became a huge success, attracting a massive fanbase and becoming a global cultural phenomenon. Its popularity spawned countless sequels, spin-offs, and merchandise, cementing Power Rangers as a mainstay in American pop culture for decades.
Super Sentai’s Influence on Power Rangers
Though Power Rangers may have started as a localized adaptation, its roots in Super Sentai are undeniable. The success of Power Rangers in America helped introduce the world to the larger Super Sentai franchise, which was previously confined to Japan. But while Power Rangers took the essential elements of Super Sentai—colorful heroes, epic battles, and mecha combat—it also adapted these elements to suit the tastes and sensibilities of Western audiences.
One of the most significant influences Super Sentai had on Power Rangers was the dynamic of the team. Both shows emphasize the value of teamwork, friendship, and personal growth. Each member of the superhero team has a distinct personality, which allows for a diversity of character arcs and interaction. The individual heroes are usually portrayed as normal teenagers who are thrust into extraordinary circumstances, learning to overcome personal challenges while working together to fight evil.
Another key element is the use of special powers and giant robots. In both Super Sentai and Power Rangers, the heroes typically have access to a set of unique abilities and powerful vehicles, often in the form of transforming robots. These robots, which can combine into larger, more powerful machines, became a staple of both franchises. The Zords, as they are known in Power Rangers, were a direct inspiration from the giant robots in Super Sentai, and their battles with giant monsters became a core part of both series.
Super Sentai also influenced Power Rangers’ storytelling and villains. In both series, the villainous forces are often led by a powerful antagonist who is bent on world domination. However, the villains in both franchises tend to have elaborate plans that are foiled by the heroes’ teamwork and perseverance. The narrative arc in both shows often includes a buildup of increasingly difficult challenges for the heroes to face, leading to climactic battles.
Legacy of Super Sentai and Power Rangers
Today, Super Sentai continues to thrive in Japan, with new seasons being produced annually. The franchise has remained relevant by adapting to the times while staying true to its roots. Similarly, Power Rangers has continued its legacy in the United States and around the world, though with fluctuating success. The series has evolved to fit modern sensibilities, incorporating newer technologies and storytelling techniques.
The cultural impact of Super Sentai and Power Rangers cannot be overstated. They have shaped the superhero genre, influencing countless other series and even inspiring movies. The idea of a team of heroes, each with their own unique skills, has become a staple in both Western and Eastern media, with recent superhero films such as The Avengers and Justice League reflecting a similar dynamic.
Both Super Sentai and Power Rangers have become symbols of hope, teamwork, and courage for children around the world. Their colorful costumes, energetic battles, and themes of friendship continue to resonate with audiences of all ages, ensuring that the legacy of both franchises will endure for many years to come.